On the Particle Acceleration Mechanisms in a Double Radio Relic Galaxy Cluster, Abell 1240

Authors

Arnab Sarkar
Felipe Andrade-Santos, Berklee College of Music
Reinout J. van Weeren
Ralph P. Kraft
Duy N. Hoang
Timothy W. Shimwell
Paul Nulsen
William Foreman
Scott Randall
Yuanyuan Su
Priyanka Chakraborty
Christine Jones
Eric Miller
Mark Bautz
Catherine E. Grant

Work Type

Article

Publication Date

2024

Department

Liberal Arts and Sciences

Keywords

Galaxy clusters

Abstract

We present a 368 ks deep Chandra observation of Abell 1240, a binary merging galaxy cluster at a redshift of 0.195 with two brightest cluster galaxies that may have passed each other 0.3 Gyr ago. Building upon previous investigations involving Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Very Large Array, and LOFAR data, our study focuses on two prominent extended radio relics at the northwest (NW) and southeast (SE) of the cluster core. By leveraging the high-resolution Chandra imaging, we have identified two distinct surface-brightness edges at ∼1 Mpc and 1.2 Mpc NW and SE of the cluster center, respectively, coinciding with the outer edges of both relics. Our temperature measurements suggest the edges to be shock front edges. The Mach numbers, derived from the gas density jumps, yield SE = - + 1.49 0.24 0.22 for the SE shock and NW = - + 1.41 0.19 0.17 for the NW shock. Our estimated Mach numbers are remarkably smaller compared to those derived from radio observations (SE = 2.3 and NW = 2.4), highlighting the prevalence of a reacceleration scenario over direct acceleration of electrons from the thermal pool. Furthermore, we compare the observed temperature profiles across both shocks with those of predictions from collisional versus collisionless models. Both shocks favor the Coulomb collisional model, but we could not rule out a purely collisionless model due to pre-shock temperature uncertainties.

Comments

This article was published open access by the American Astronomical Society in The Astrophysical Journal under a CC BY license.

Recommended Citation

Sarkar, Arnab; Andrade-Santos, Felipe; van Weeren, Reinout J.; Kraft, Ralph P.; Hoang, Duy N.; Shimwell, Timothy W.; Nulsen, Paul; Foreman, William; Randall, Scott; Su, Yuanyuan; Chakraborty, Priyanka; Jones, Christine; Miller, Eric; Bautz, Mark; and Grant, Catherine E., "On the Particle Acceleration Mechanisms in a Double Radio Relic Galaxy Cluster, Abell 1240" (2024). Faculty Works.
https://remix.berklee.edu/faculty-works/78