Effects of Music Therapy on Intravitreal Injections: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Year

2012

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of music therapy on anxiety, perceived pain, and satisfaction in patients undergoing intravitreal injections in the outpatient setting. METHODS: This is a randomized clinical trial. Seventy-three patients were recruited from the retina clinic at 1 institution and randomized into a music therapy (n=37) or control (n=36) group. Prior to injection, patients completed the state portion of the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S). The music therapy group listened to classical music through computer speakers while waiting for and during the injection. The control group underwent the injection in the same setting without music. Afterward, all patients completed another STAI-S and a satisfaction and pain questionnaire. The main outcome measures were objective anxiety derived from STAI-S scores and subjective pain and anxiety from the post procedure questionnaire. RESULTS: The music therapy group had a greater decrease in anxiety than the control group (P=0.0480). Overall, 73% of all patients requested music for future injections (P=0.0001). The music therapy group (84%) requested music in future injections more frequently than the control group (61%) (P=0.0377). Both groups reported similar levels of pain (P=0.5879). CONCLUSIONS: Classical music before and during intravitreal injections decreases anxiety in patients without decreasing pain. Most patients desire to have music during future injections. Music therapy is a low-cost, easy, safe intervention that reduces anxiety during intravitreal injections in the outpatient setting.

Music and Health Institute Terms

Anxiety; Anxiety Scales; Invasive Medical Procedures; Medical Office; Music Listening; Music Medicine; Pain; Pain Management and Control; Pain Score or Rating; Patient Satisfaction; Procedural Pain; Questionnaires; Recorded Music Listening; Self-Report Measures

Indexed Terms

Elderly; Anxiety; Intravitreal Injections; Outpatients; Pain; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitreous Body

Study Type

Randomized Controlled Trial; Quantitative Methods

PubMed ID

22506884

Document Type

Article

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