A Structural Analysis of Music in Tango Dance Classes for Parkinson's Disease

Journal

Australian Journal of Music Therapy

Year

2017

Abstract

This study examines the music used in therapeutic Argentine tango dancing classes for people with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence is accumulating that selecting appropriate music can improve movement performance and health related quality of life for people with PD. The main aim of this project was to determine if there were musical features common to the pieces used in dance classes. Data were evaluated from computer software analysis of the music, an interview with the dance teacher, and a questionnaire completed by four physiotherapists involved in the tango classes. These professionals selected the most beneficial pieces of music based on participant responses. The classes were directed by a tango teacher, with support from physiotherapists. The teacher chose 15 pieces, all in mp3 format. The music was analysed three ways: (i) quantitative computer analysis using MATLAB software; (ii) detailed physiotherapist appraisals; and (iii) a dance teacher interview. Results from both the analysis of music using computer software and qualitative questionnaire with physiotherapists showed the most successful music to range in tempo between 105-125 bpm, in simple duple time, with a clear downbeat, moderate pulse clarity and minimal key modulations. The physiotherapists prioritised a clear beat, appropriate tempo, then melodic interest. The dance teacher selected music according to rhythm, tempo and melodic interest. The computer software identified the optimal tempo, pulse clarity, brightness, tonality and modulations of the pieces. The findings provide insights showing that rhythmical music with a clear down beat and tempo matched to exercise requirements may optimise therapy outcomes in people with chronic diseases.

Music and Health Institute Terms

Mobility; Music in Combination with Other Techniques; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Parkinson's Disease; Quality of Life; Receptive Music Methods; Subjective Measures

Indexed Terms

Dance; Dance education; Dopamine; Movement disorders; Musical performances; Parkinson's disease; Physical therapy; Questionnaires; Software; Tango

Study Type

Case Study; Qualitative Methods

Document Type

Article

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